Reducing Drug-Related Mortality Using Predictive Analytics: A Randomized, Statewide, Community Intervention Trial

The COVID-19 pandemic is colliding with the ongoing drug overdose epidemic, a public health crisis that hastaken over 750,000 lives in the United States over the past two decades. The pandemic and associatedpolicy responses will have lasting impacts of the lives of people at risk for overdose. Moreover, the immediateeffects of the pandemic on access to overdose prevention and treatment resources, as well as fatal andnonfatal overdose rates, are in need of urgent study. This research will determine how policies enacted as aresult of the COVID-19 pandemic response have affected both access to overdose prevention and treatmentresources, as well as rates of fatal and non-fatal overdoses in the community. The effect of acute changes onCOVID-19 related diagnoses, hospitalizations, and deaths on subsequent spikes in fatal and nonfataloverdose, particularly in racial/ethnic and economically distressed communities, will also be examined.Documenting these impacts will provide important insights into the types of health service measures thatneed to be put in place during future disasters to avoid escalation of drug overdose risk. The study will takeplace in Rhode Island, a state with the 4th highest COVID-10 diagnosis rate and the 7th highest COVIDassociatedmortality rates in the nation (as of May 18th, 2020). In Aim 1, we will determine how policiesenacted as part of the state's COVID-19 pandemic response have influenced both access to and utilization ofharm reduction resources (e.g., naloxone) and engagement in substance use treatment, as well as rates offatal and non-fatal overdoses. In Aim 2, we hypothesize that various measures of COVID-19 disease burden(e.g., diagnosis rates, hospitalizations) will predict subsequent spikes in fatal and non-fatal overdose, and thatthese spikes will be particularly pronounced in economically distressed and racial/ethnic minoritycommunities. This work will help build an urgently needed evidence base to determine how best to effectivelymanage the adverse effects of COVID-19 on the overdose epidemic, and to support addiction-related healthand social service systems during unanticipated public health crises in the future.