Discovering existing medicines that abrogate cellular responses to SARS CoV-2 infection

PROJECT SUMMARYOur overall strategy is to screen existing drugs for their unexpected ability to abrogate key aspects of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The proposal will leverage the infrastructure we have created as part of the LINCS Consortiumto use gene expression profiling to discover existing drugs that either block the cellular mechanisms required forviral infection, or block the cellular response to infection that causes disease. While there is much biologicallearning to be done, the focus of this proposal is not basic biology, but rather on the discovery of drugs that couldbe rapidly tested in patients. For this reason, we emphasize existing drugs (those that are either FDA-approved,EMA-approved, or are in clinical development) because of the pace at which they can be advanced to clinicaltrials. Our proposed approach leverages capabilities developed under our Common Fund-supported LINCSCenter for Transcriptomics. First, we have created a "shovel-ready" production-scale data generation capabilitythat can now be brought to bear on COVID-19. Second, we have assembled a drug repurposing library with~10,000 drugs that are either FDA-approved or are in clinical development. Third, through our LINCS experience,we have learned that real power comes from unleashing the world's scientific community by creating publicresources that can be utilized by others. In this project, we will screen ~10,000 drugs in lung epithelial cells andmonocytic immune cells, using gene expression profiling as the readout. We will make this Drug RepurposingLINCS dataset immediately publicly available, so that anyone in the research community can query it withrelevant signatures -- including those that have yet to be discovered. High priority drugs identified throughanalysis of these data will be subjected to orthogonal tests of antiviral and immune function. An important aspectof this proposal will be the creation of a COVID-19 Drug Repurposing Portal which will house all of the raw andprocessed data generated by this proposal, together with biologist-friendly analytical and visualization tools thatwill enable the entire COVID-19 research community to identify top priority drugs for pre-clinical and eventuallyclinical testing as anti-COVID-19 therapies.