Mechanisms of anti-coronavirus immunity based on the analysis of antibodies in convalescents, exposed / low-symptom patients and unaffected patients of Polish care institutions and their reaction with coronavirus antigens

Over the past few decades, we have witnessed the emergence of new factors infectious diseases, SARS-CoV-2 is the third major zoonotic coronavirus outbreak that has affected people in most recently, after the outbreak of SARS in 2002 and MERS, which began in 2012. To the first days of May In 2020, the disease was diagnosed in 3,623,803 people around the world, of which due to the development of COVID-19256,880 people (7.1%) died. In Poland, 14,432 cases of the disease and 716 were confirmed at that time deaths (5.0%). The COVID-19 pandemic revealed that a significant part of the Polish population was either not infected, or was clinically asymptomatic and mild. Which is especially evident in care institutions where the population is particularly vulnerable to infection due to diseases and age. However, even in such institutions where contamination has occurred, the majority are exposed people were not infected, or the infection was asymptomatic. It is therefore possible that course modification or even protection against infection has been associated with the presence in these individuals antibodies that cross-react with SARS-CoV-2 antigens. In Poland, on the basis of virological tests, it was registered in the past - from the 1960s age, possibly 7 epidemics of seasonal respiratory infections, which factor coronaviruses were etiological. In addition, in Poland there are constantly coronavirus epidemics among farm animals. There is therefore a possibility that people who did not become infected or have passed asymptomatic infection had protective antibodies after prior contact with others coronaviruses. Research on the mechanisms of anti-coronavirus immunity based on the analysis antibodies in sick people, convalescents and healthy people staying in Polish institutions care facilities will allow an epidemiological and clinical analysis of the factors that may influence individual course of infection. It is also likely that the sensitivity of ongoing surveillance is in progress the ongoing pandemic was too low, and we do not know the full extent of the epidemic among nursing home residents long term. The aim of the project is to test a representative number of sera collected from a homogeneous group people at varying degrees of risk of infection with SARS-CoV-2 virus residing in institutions chaperones for the presence and titer of antibodies to the antigens of this and related viruses. To elucidate the extent of cross-reactions, reactivity studies will be performed selected sera of patients with antigens isolated from viruses dominant in the current pandemic in Poland and related coronavis. Additionally, molecular research will be carried out mechanisms of these reactions using modern immunochemical methods