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We will isolate neutrophils from subjects who had asymptomatic/mild cases of COVID-19 who didn't require hospitalization and have recovered and from subject who had severe cases of COVID-19 that required mechanical ventilation and/or developed thrombosis. We will determine if differences in neutrophil reactivity correlate with COVID-19 severity and characterize those differences. We will use RNA sequencing to identify differences in neutrophil gene expression between the two cohorts. Based on our lab's preliminary work, our initial focus will be on genes that encode receptors and proteins in signal transduction pathways. We will also examine genes which regulate inflammatory cytokines and proteins involved in the defense response; cell-fate following phagocytosis; gene transcription, translation and DNA binding; ion channels and calcium flux; and neutrophil structure/cytoskeleton, as these have been found to be differentially expressed after activation by various receptor agonists or bacteria.