Comparison of the natural development history of SARS-CoV-2 virus and influenza A virus

Purpose We propose to conduct surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 and human influenza viruses at eight study sites in regions near the equator and in the southern hemisphere. Each study site already has a partnership with one of the five centers of the CEIRS network. The study sites all have the necessary clinical and laboratory infrastructure for the selection, data collection and sampling, virological and serological analysis by qPCR and ELISA. Each research site can also send patient samples to a CEIRS laboratory in the US for further analysis. The Ha Nam cohort study population managed by OUCRU and the Central Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology is one of the study sites of this study. - Importance Little is known regarding the natural history of infection, disease severity, risk factors for severe disease, and the intensity, quality, and duration of the immune response. To address these shortfalls, in-depth and systematic analyzes of the viral load, clinical outcomes, and immune response of infected individuals are urgently needed. We recommend doing this activity. To better understand the context of the results obtained and better understand their effects on human health, we will make a side-by-side comparison between the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the virus- flu withdrawal. - Target Documenting clinical outcomes and risk factors for severe illness in people with SARS-CoV-2 infection; Determination of virological features of SARS-CoV-2 infection; Determine the scale, quality and duration of the immune response to SARS-CoV-2; Importantly, in each target, we will test against the flu virus side-by-side for comparison. Just like when the influenza A/H1N1 virus appeared in the community in 2009, we will conduct household sampling in the Ha Nam cohort (using the Household Study Outline of the Group). World Health Organization ). We would like to be able to select 25 households for the influenza arm and households for the COVID-19 arm. With an average household size of 4 and with a secondary infection rate of around 20%, we were able to recruit 15 more secondary infections of influenza and COVID-19. We will follow the patient for 12 months. Participants with acute infection (n = 40) will be sampled more frequently, according to the recommended schedule (10 sampling time points), to determine virus dynamics, humoral immune response and cellular immunity, co-infection, and gene expression in the host.