Molecular and Antibody Surveillance of H5N1 in Animals and Humans using a High Throughput Diagnostic Platform

During the global struggle against COVID-19, another dangerous virus with pandemic potential, Influenza H5N1 (a highly pathogenic avian influenza subtype), has quietly reemerged. This virus primarily affects birds but can also infect humans and other mammals, with a human mortality rate much higher than COVID-19. Recent mutations in H5N1 now enable it to infect additional mammals, such as dairy cows and mice, highlighting the need for vigilant surveillance to track possible human infections. With funding from CIHR and the COVID-19 Immunity Task Force, we established a cutting-edge high-throughput facility to conduct large-scale viral testing during the COVID-19 pandemic. We now intend to build upon our facility's capabilities by developing advanced tests for detecting H5N1 genetic signatures and antibodies in animals and humans. Additionally, we will carry out an H5N1 surveillance study in cows and at-risk farm workers. These efforts will enhance our ability to better monitor and understand the spread of H5N1 in Canada, with the intent of working with our community, farmers, and government partners to protect both human and animal health.