Innate immune response, viral evolution and interferon antagonism following H5N1 influenza challenge in alternate avian hosts

Our research will examine the innate immune response to influenza virus in alternate avian hosts, including blue-winged teal, Canada geese and herring gulls. These wild birds can become infected with H5N1 avian influenza viruses, and often come into contact with people (hunters and fishers). They are often more susceptible than wild mallards, the reservoir host of avian influenza viruses, and the reasons for their increased susceptibility are unknown. We will examine their innate immune responses and viral mutation patterns following infections with H5N1. Mutations leading to changes in viral proteins known to interfere with innate immunity can be tested for function. We are interested to know whether variants arising in these species would be potentially more dangerous to humans.