Wearable sensors as novel surveillance tools for mitigating highly pathogenic avian influenza transmission in high-risk populations: an acceptance survey and model-based evaluation

Increased highly pathogenic avian influenza A (HPAIA, H5N1) infection rates in humans working in close contact with domestic livestock strongly highlight the potential benefit of increased disease surveillance in these high-risk populations. Yet, to date, testing reluctance among members of this group for a variety of reasons points to the need for complementary surveillance techniques. The goal of the current proposal is to conduct a proof-of-concept study for the use of wearable devices in high-risk human populations. We will investigate the potential of wearable devices as surveillance tools for detecting H5N1 infections and mitigating their transmission. The specific Aims of the project are 1) to conduct a detailed survey of willingness to use wearable devices and submit to testing protocols including rapid-antigen and laboratory-based tests among poultry farmers in Québec, 2) to develop a model for H5N1 transmission from farms to urban settings, and 3) to simulate the effectiveness of various testing and surveillance strategies for reducing H5N1 transmission under different scenarios related to the effectiveness of diagnostic tools and the characteristics of the avian influenza virus. This proposal combines researchers across career stages and trainees with expertise in epidemiology, mathematical disease modeling, veterinary medicine and epidemiology, behavioural epidemiology, and One Health. We will generate survey data of high utility to public health decision makers in Canada interested in implementing H5N1 mitigation protocols in high-risk environments. Additionally, our modeling framework will be adaptable to studying the implementation of other surveillance strategies and viruses. Finally, this proposal will result in the training of highly qualified personnel who will obtain an inter-disciplinary research experience and benefit from supportive work environments that prioritize equity, trust, and excellent mentorship.