General and Inexpensive Viral RNA Detection by Direct Imaging

Viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2 and H5N1, are a threat to Canadian society. Internet-enabled and portable detection devices with the sensitivity and reliability required for routine point-of-care (POC) diagnostics are highly desirable for monitoring the spread of such viruses, but are challenging to implement and difficult to mass produce. In this proposal, we will develop an inexpensive handheld reader capable of analyzing nucleic acid (NA) samples using a disposable chip technology that is compatible with a broad range of viral genome amplification and concentration technologies. The detection system involves three key steps that are dramatically simplified by the detection technology developed: Sample denaturation, probe hybridization and single molecule imaging using bright fluorescent markers are all integrated into a unified detection system. A set of positive and negative control system adding considerably to the reliability of the overall system. An inexpensive (target cost <$100), internet-enabled, and easily mass-produced microscope reader unit will image and analyze viral test results using a disposable flow cell (target cost <$5). The resulting analytics are then able to be uploaded to a centralized facility, which would be of great utility in a future pandemic. Additional advantages over conventional POC tests include stable long-term storage and shipping for a test that is rapid (<20 min) and simple to use. The test can be easily adapted to a range of viruses and this technology has the potential to revolutionize viral testing in remote locations, the home, and clinical settings to the benefit of all Canadians.