2017 plague epidemic in Madagascar: Evaluation of pneumonic plague recovered patients living in Antananarivo

The main objectives: - At month 3, to describe the clinical and serological characteristics of patients recovered from pneumonic plague during the 2017 epidemic in Antananarivo (all confirmed and probable cases and a sub-set of clinically-suspected cases with no positive TDR or microbiological tests); - At month 6 and 12, to follow-up the clinical and immunological characteristics of confirmed and probable cases. Secondary objectives are as follows (not final): - To assess the one-year clinical sequelae in subjects diagnosed with confirmed or probable pulmonary plague, - To describe the adverse effects (primarily ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity) associated with streptomycin and other antibiotic treatments in subjects diagnosed with confirmed or probable pulmonary plague, - To describe and compare the serological and cellular immunological response in patients diagnosed with confirmed or probable pulmonary plague at varying points up to 1-year after infection, - To estimate the transmission rate in household of subjects with confirmed or probable pulmonary plague, i.e. proportion of household members with positive Y. pestis serology, and describe the spectrum of disease from asymptomatic infection (if any) to symptomatic infections, - To estimate the Y. pestis seroprevalence in the from clinically suspected cases with pulmonary plague and no positive TDR or microbiological tests living in Antananarivo, To estimate the Y. pestis seroprevalence in the general population living in Antananarivo (the previous data are from 2003 with an estimate of 2.3%)