Assessing the implementation of point-of-care multiplex-viral testing in primary care (AIM-Viral)

The COVID-19 pandemic showed how important it is to have quick and accurate virus testing available where people receive care. The AIM-Viral study explored whether it was possible and useful to bring a rapid, point-of-care testing system that detects several common respiratory viruses into family doctor clinics and hospital emergency departments. The study also looked at which viruses were most common and how test results affected medical care, including the use of antibiotics. The study took place during the 2024 influenza season (September-April) in Ontario, Alberta, and Newfoundland and Labrador. Adults with new cold or flu-like symptoms were invited to take part after giving consent. Research staff collected nasal swabs, which were tested for multiple viruses including COVID-19, influenza A and B, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and adenovirus using both rapid tests and laboratory methods. A total of 525 people participated-258 in Ontario, 53 in Alberta, and 216 in Newfoundland and Labrador. The average age was 46 years, and most were women (61%). The most common symptoms were cough, tiredness, and nasal congestion. On average, people were tested about four days after their symptoms began. Influenza A was the most common virus detected, followed by rhinovirus/enterovirus and RSV. COVID-19 was found in a small number of participants. About 12% of participants received antibiotics, with some variation between provinces. Bringing rapid multi-virus testing into primary care and emergency settings proved to be feasible and provided timely information. This approach could help improve infection surveillance, and strengthen preparedness for future outbreaks of respiratory infections.